Difference between revisions of "Powering the station"

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[[File:Engineschematic.png]]
[[File:Engineschematic.png]]


==Thermo-Electric Generator Startup Procedure for Mark I Plasma-Fired Engines==
==How It All Works==
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The engine has three segments: a Hot loop, filled with gas that takes heat from the furnaces, the combustion chamber, or even both.  
Warning! Improper engine and generator operation may cause exposure to hazardous gasses, extremes of heat and cold, and dangerous electrical voltages.
A cold loop that uses cold gas to draw heat from the hot loop.
Only trained personnel should operate station systems. Follow all procedures carefully. Wear correct personal protective equipment at all times.
The generator which transfers heat from the hot to the cold loop and produces power.
Refer to your supervisor or Head of Personnel for procedure updates and additional information.  
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Standard checklist for engine and generator cold-start.


1. Perform visual inspection of external (cooling) and internal (heating) heat-exchange pipe loops. Refer any breaks or cracks in the pipe to Station Maintenance for repair before continuing.  
Gas inside the pipes has two main property, pressure and temperature.


2. Connect a CO2 canister to the external (cooling) loop connector, and release the contents. Check loop pressurization is stable.
Pressure directs the gas flow, from higher to lower pressure areas. When pressure in a loop is greater after the generator than it is before, gas flow stalls, and power output drops.
Note: Observe standard canister safety procedures.
Too high pressure will cause pipes to burst!<br>
Note: Other gasses may be substituted as a medium in the external (cooling) loop in the event that CO2 is not available.  
Temperature will cause gas to increase or decrease in pressure. Very little gas, when heated can reach gigantic pressure.  
Conversely, the cold loop will most often be at a low pressure, even when packed with gas.


3. Connect a CO2 canister to the internal (heating) loop connector, and release the contents. Check loop pressurization is stable.
The engine doesn't require incredible pressure to work correctly. Pressure must flow in the right direction, higher before the engine than it is after.
Note: Observe standard canister safety procedures.
Note: Nitrogen may be substituted as a medium in the internal (heating) loop in the event that CO2 is not available. Do not use plasma in the internal (heating) pipe loop as an unsafe condition may result.  


4. Using the thermo-electric generator (TEG) master control panel, engage the internal and external loop circulator pumps at 1% maximum rate.
Four pumps around the loop keep the gas flowing. Toggling their speed can help to regulate the power output, or fix a pressure imbalance that is blocking gas flow within a loop.


5. Ignite the engine. Refer to document NTRSN-113-H9-12939 for proper engine preparation, ignition, and plasma-oxygen loading procedures.
Each canister hookup has its own pump, to increase or decrease the speed of gas injection of into a loop.
Note: Exceeding recommended plasma-oxygen concentrations can cause engine damage and potential hazards.  
To run the generator efficiently, you must prevent the pressure from rising excessively, and keep the temperature of the hot loop to a few thousand K.


6. Monitor engine temperatures until stable operation is achieved.  
==Gas==
Any gas can be used as a medium in both pipe loops; and each gas has a different ability to retain heat or transfer it more quickly.
Generally, safer gases will yield much lower power outputs.


7. Increase internal and external circulator pumps to 10% of maximum rate. Monitor the generated power output on the TEG control panel.
Experimenting with different gas in each loop will let you discover which combinations work best, and how to control the most dangerous gas.
Note: Consult appendix A for expected electrical generation rates.  
 
==Pressure==
 
The engine can be efficiently run on very small quantities of gas. Filling the pipes with entire canisters of gas is not a good practice, and will most likely cause pressure issues.  
Injecting small quantities of gas in the loops and the combustion chamber over time, reduces waste and allows for very high power outputs.
Too high pressure inside a pipe will cause it to fracture and leak gas. A broken pipe can be repaired by welding.
 
Pressure imbalances that stop the correct flow of gas can be controlled by venting gas (either to a canister, or to space). Venting is more effective if the gas flow is temporarily blocked by shutting down the intake valve or reducing the pressure of the intake pump.


8. Adjust circulator rates until required electrical demand is met.
Note: Generation rate varies with internal and external loop temperatures, exchange media pressure, and engine geometry. Refer to Appendix B or your supervisor for locally determined optimal settings.
Note: Do not exceed safety ratings for station power cabling and electrical equipment.
With the power generation rate stable, engage charging of the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) devices. Total SMES charging rate should not exceed total power generation rate, or an overload condition may occur.
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[[Category:Tutorial]]
[[Category:Tutorial]]

Revision as of 16:02, 5 March 2013

Engineschematic.png

How It All Works

The engine has three segments: a Hot loop, filled with gas that takes heat from the furnaces, the combustion chamber, or even both. A cold loop that uses cold gas to draw heat from the hot loop. The generator which transfers heat from the hot to the cold loop and produces power.

Gas inside the pipes has two main property, pressure and temperature.

Pressure directs the gas flow, from higher to lower pressure areas. When pressure in a loop is greater after the generator than it is before, gas flow stalls, and power output drops. Too high pressure will cause pipes to burst!
Temperature will cause gas to increase or decrease in pressure. Very little gas, when heated can reach gigantic pressure. Conversely, the cold loop will most often be at a low pressure, even when packed with gas.

The engine doesn't require incredible pressure to work correctly. Pressure must flow in the right direction, higher before the engine than it is after.

Four pumps around the loop keep the gas flowing. Toggling their speed can help to regulate the power output, or fix a pressure imbalance that is blocking gas flow within a loop.

Each canister hookup has its own pump, to increase or decrease the speed of gas injection of into a loop.

To run the generator efficiently, you must prevent the pressure from rising excessively, and keep the temperature of the hot loop to a few thousand K.

Gas

Any gas can be used as a medium in both pipe loops; and each gas has a different ability to retain heat or transfer it more quickly. Generally, safer gases will yield much lower power outputs.

Experimenting with different gas in each loop will let you discover which combinations work best, and how to control the most dangerous gas.

Pressure

The engine can be efficiently run on very small quantities of gas. Filling the pipes with entire canisters of gas is not a good practice, and will most likely cause pressure issues. Injecting small quantities of gas in the loops and the combustion chamber over time, reduces waste and allows for very high power outputs.

Too high pressure inside a pipe will cause it to fracture and leak gas. A broken pipe can be repaired by welding.

Pressure imbalances that stop the correct flow of gas can be controlled by venting gas (either to a canister, or to space). Venting is more effective if the gas flow is temporarily blocked by shutting down the intake valve or reducing the pressure of the intake pump.